A short description of the sintering process is also presented in FernándezGonzález et al. (2018). Figure shows the main parts of an iron ore sintering plant (DwightLloyd machine). Despite at first instance the agglomeration of ores has imposed as a process required in the iron extractive metallurgy, this process has changed with the
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During the iron ore sintering process, its SiO2 content considerably affects the sinter quality. In this study, the effect of SiO2 content on iron ore sintering indexes was studied, with mineral ...
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Energy Resources, Its Role and Use in Metallurgical Industries. Gupta, in Treatise on Process Metallurgy: Industrial Processes, 2014 Sinter Making. The iron ore fines (− 10 mm) are agglomerated using Dwight Lloyed sintering machine. The iron ore fines and coke breeze fines mix with moisture is fed on the sinter bed which is ignited by a gas burner to initiate sintering process.
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Sintering or frittage is the process of compacting and forming a solid mass of material by pressure [1] or heat [2] without melting it to the point of liquefaction. Sintering happens as part of a manufacturing process used with metals, ceramics, plastics, and other materials. The nanoparticles in the sintered material diffuse across the ...
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The total reaction involved in the process of sintering is the sum of a number of reactions which involve reactions in heating zone, reactions in sintering zone and reactions in cooling zone. These reactions are illustrated schematically for typical sintering of a limefluxed haematite ore in Fig. 11. Fig. : Development of Minerals during ...
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The sintering process is an important production link in the iron and steel industry, and its energy consumption accounts for about 1116% of the total energy consumption of the industry, and the pollutants emitted by sintering account for about 50% of the total emissions of steel enterprises [1, 2].In April 2019, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China ...
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of a single iron ore, which reflects the ore's wettability. In a typical process, iron ore was initially dried and ground to mm. Subsequently, a 20g sample was weighed out and transferred to a glass tube. As a result of capillary force, the liquid rose in the glass tube when the bottom of the tube contacted the liquid in the ...
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One important step of the iron ore sintering process is the raw materials preparation, which means that these materials need to be mixed and subsequently granulated. Recently, due to the increase of fine portion of the sinter feeds and also the availability of concentrates, such as pellet feeds, this step played an important role to guarantee ...
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moisture in the raw material and the required moisture. The sinter mixture's moisture was controlled at ± 2% to meet the prescribed level. Basis for Adopting Iron Ore Fines and Other T Raw Materials in the Sinter Mix Raw materials for iron ore sintering comprise iron ore nes, uxes, and several other types of raw materials. Based upon
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The basic hightemperature properties of iron ore play a crucial role in optimizing sintering and ore blending, but the testing process for these properties is complex and has significant lag time, which cannot meet the actual needs of ore blending. A prediction model for the basic hightemperature properties of iron ore fines was thus proposed based on a combination of machine learning ...
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The sintering process can be defined as a thermal agglomeration process that is applied to a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, fluxes, slagforming agents, and solid fuel (coke) with the objective of obtaining a product with the suitable characteristics (thermal, mechanical, physical, and chemical) to be fed to the blast furnace.
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Iron ore fines are the main source for sinter, and the chemical composition of the iron ore fines, together with the thermal conditions that blends are subjected to, plays an important role in forming the primary melt during the sintering process and accordingly determines the sinter structure and quality.
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Iron ore sintering. L. Lu, O. Ishiyama, in Iron Ore, 2015. Conclusions. Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. Compared with pellets, production of sinter is cheaper, and compared with lump ore, fluxed sinter is often more reducible with better softening ...
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Twothirds of the global nickel output is produced by the rotary kilnelectric furnace (RKEF) process. Due to the high contents of MgO and SiO2 and low content of iron in laterite ore, high ...
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The sintering process is used to agglomerate a mix of iron ore fines, return fines, fluxes, and coke, with a particle size of less than 10 mm, so that the resulting sinter, with a screened size of 5 mm to 30 mm, can withstand pressure and temperature conditions in the blast furnace (BF). The process of sintering of iron ore fines was primarily ...
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During sintering, water plays a key role, as a binder to granulate the iron ore mix. It permeates through ore particles under the influence of capillary force and reaches the surface and then migrates further into ore particles [6].
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In sintering, ore fines and/or iron concentrate are mixed and heated in oxidizing atmosphere up to sintering temperature on a grate machine where ore grains fuse together. In pelletizing, the finely ground iron ore is rolled to pellets before firing in a kiln or on a grate machine. Blast Furnace Process in
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The principal mechanism of iron ore granulation can be described as the layering of adhering fine particles onto the coarse nuclei particles under the action of water, as shown in Fig., this mechanism is commonly known as "autolayering" [5, 6].A typical iron ore granule is generally comprised of an inner seed coarse particle, which acts as the nucleus of the granule, and an ...
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Accurate computational models of sintering behavior would assist to enhance sinter quality and are anticipated to play a role in yield prediction. Sintering is a vital process in the manufacturing of iron and steel. As a consequence, the primary objective of these models will be a thorough simulation of mass and heat transport during the sintering process. In this paper, based on the ...
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Abstract and Figures. Sinter plants process a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, slagforming agents and solid fuel (coke) with the finality of obtaining a product with the ...
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In the sintering process, iron ores are usually blended and mixed with fluxing materials,, limestone and burnt lime, and fuels (socalled agglomeration agents),, coke, anthracite, and some recycle dusts.
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Granulation is an important process in iron ore sintering. During this process, iron ore, coke, flux, and other raw materials are fed into the drum and mixed with water addition. The fine granular materials bond with each other under the action of capillary force and gradually grow with a certain size distribution.
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Zhang et al., Influencing factors and mechanism of water absorption process of iron ores during sintering 123 equation. V = M/t (1) where V (g/min), M (g), and t (min) indicate the WAR, the mass of water absorbed in and among iron ore particles, and the water absorption time, respectively. In principle, water
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Lv et al. defined a moisture capacity of iron ore particles as the water holding ability, and found that moisture capacity of iron ores had a strong positive relation to the optimal water content ...
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Summary. In this chapter, we learned that three main ferrous burden materials are used in BF operation; lump ore, sinter, and pellets. The types of iron ores used to produce these three ferrous charge materials and the related production methods were described. The various analysis methods used to determine the quality of the BF charge ...
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Meanwhile, an iron ore sinter is a crucial material for the ironmaking process, and its chemical, physical, and metallurgical properties significantly impact the blast furnace (BF) performance. 9 In turn, the main materials used for a sinter are iron ore fines, and their chemical compositions play a critical role in the sintering process.
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Quality of iron ores is one of the critical parameters for formation of environmental pollutants related to the steelmaking process. Dioxins are identified as one of the most toxic pollutants emitted during ironmaking, specifically during the sintering process. This study applied four types of iron ores and analyzed their moisture, density ...
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During sintering, water plays a key role, as a binder to granulate the iron ore mix. It permeates through ore particles under the influence of capillary force and reaches the surface and then migrates further into ore particles [ 6 ].
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During cosintering, at least %, % of dioxins brought in by FA, WFA was decomposed during iron ore sintering, respectively, and resynthesis with a significant distribution characteristic ...
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Results from this study showed that moisture of iron ores can decrease PCB emissions during the sintering process. The fine particles of iron ores favour slag bonding in the sintering process 44 .
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In iron making process, sintering of iron ore fines is an integral step to utilize not only the ore fines but also to introduce a part of flux (limestone and dolomite) along with the sinter in blast furnace burden. In this way, the productivity of the furnace considerably improves.
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Abstract In this study, a sintering test of highalumina limonite from Indonesia, matched with an appropriate magnetite concentration, is performed. The sintering yield and quality index are effectively improved by optimizing the ore matching and regulating the basicity.
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Moreover, the conventional iron making unit, blast furnace requires the raw material in the form of iron oxide with a size range of 10120 mm. Sintering is the oldest agglomerate thermal process using iron ore mineral fines of mm, along with the reductant, fluxes, and other byproducts of the iron and steel industry operated ...
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The process of sintering is basically a pretreatment process step during iron making for the production of the charge material called sinter for the blast furnace from iron ore fines and also from metallurgical wastes (collected dusts, sludge and mill scale etc.). The sintering technology was originally developed for the purpose of utilizing ...
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