In the light of recent developments in coal sector and its importance to the Indian economy, examine why coal is called as black gold in India. (200 Words) Coal is more than a fossil fuel, it generates electricity in easiest and traditional way. Thermal power plant constitute 59% of India's power production, Also many PSUs, . Coal Industry UPSC GS1 Read More »
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This process of separation of various constituents of petroleum is called petroleum refining. This is done in oil refineries. It is a threestep process. The first step is separation where the crude oil is separated into various components through the distillation process. The heavier constituents remain settled at the bottom whereas lighter ...
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Narrow, Horizontal Seams: Rathole mining involves extracting coal from thin, horizontal seams, which are prevalent in Meghalaya. These seams are often less than 2 meters in thickness. Primitive Extraction Techniques: Miners typically create narrow pits (referred to as "rat holes") into the ground, allowing only one person at a time to descend ...
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Coal gasification is the process of producing syngas (CO, H2, CO2, CH4 and H2O) from coal and water, air and/or oxygen. This can be used for electricity generation, converting syngas to gasoline and diesel, converting methane to LNG, etc. Mining in India has been very inefficient as mainly open cast mining is done.
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Coal bed methane, also known as coal seam gas or coalbed gas, is a form of natural gas recovered from coal beds. It is considered a clean energy source, contributing to its popularity. Countries like the USA, Australia, and Canada have seen significant development of CBM as an energy source. CBM consists of methane adsorbed into the coal matrix ...
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UPSC Exam. UPSC Exam; UPSC Exam 2024. UPSC Exam 2024; UPSC Syllabus 2024. ... sector of the oil and gas industry since oil refineries effectively act as the second step in the crude oil production process after the actual extraction of crude oil upstream. Distillation, the first step in the refining process, involves heating crude oil to ...
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It was envisioned that the auction process of coal mines for commercial mining would give a thrust to adoption of newer and cleaner technologies like coal gasification and coal liquefaction. 20% rebate was, therefore, extended for quantity under coal gasification or liquefaction. Also, extraction of Coal Bed Methane was allowed for mine ...
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The method can be used to extract resources that would otherwise be too expensive to extract. It also provides a viable alternative to traditional coal mining techniques. UCG has a lower environmental and social impact than conventional coal mining with gasification, yet environmental issues exist, including the possibility for aquifer pollution.
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Shale gas and oil are unconventional natural resources.. They are found at 2,5005,000 metres below the earth's surface. They are deeper in comparison to conventional crude oil found at 1,500 metres.. The process of extracting shale oil and gas requires deep vertical drilling followed by horizontal drilling. The most common way to extract shale gas is 'hydraulic fracturing' (fracking ...
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Openpit mining is commonly used to extract metallic ores like aluminum, bauxite, copper, gold, copper, and iron as well as nonmetallic ores like coal, uranium, and phosphate. Openpit mining is ...
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Sustainable Mining. This article is based on "Mining in India equals selling the family gold" which was published in The Hindu on 19/01/2021. It talks about the issues related to the present state of mining practices and the need to adopt sustainable mining. India's National Mineral Policy 2019 states that "natural resources, including ...
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Coal India Limited (CIL) is making headlines for its innovative solution to the sand shortage problem. The company is using crushed rock fines (crusher dust), sand from Overburden (OB) of coal mines and soil removed during opencast coal mining, to produce Manufactured Sand (MSand). This not only repurposes waste materials but also reduces the ...
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UPSC Civil Services Examination Previous Year Question (PYQ) Mains. Q. Despite India being one of the countries of Gondwanaland, its mining industry contributes much less to its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in percentage. Discuss. (2021) Q. "In spite of adverse environmental impact, coal mining is still inevitable for development". Discuss ...
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Coal Mines in India Challenges Coal Mining in India is faced with several challenges, including: Environmental degradation: Coal mining has a significant impact on the environment, including air, water, and soil pollution. Mining activities can cause deforestation, soil erosion, land subsidence, and the destruction of wildlife habitats.
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Way Forward. There is a need to speed up the clearance process in order to make the best use of mineral resources.; To prevent minerelated accidents, strict enforcement of miningrelated rules is required, particularly the prohibition on RatHole and unscientific mining. Block allocations should be transparent, and a rulebased order should be established.
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Process: Coal gasification is a process in which coal is partially oxidised with air, oxygen, steam or carbon dioxide to form a fuel gas. This gas is then used instead of piped natural gas, methane and others for deriving energy. Insitu gasification of coal or Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) is the technique of converting coal into ...
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>> Which gas is obtained during the process. Question . Which gas is obtained during the processing of coal? Easy. Open in App. ... Name the products obtained and their uses when coal is processed in industry. Medium. View solution > Coal can be used as a main source of: Medium. View solution > View more. More From Chapter. Coal and Petroleum.
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'Rathole' mining was used to extract coal from narrow and deep mines in Meghalaya. In January 2019, some 15 miners lost their lives when they were trapped for more than a month in one such mine.
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In the process of coal mining, prevention and control of water hazard is essential. It is the precondition for water hazard control to detect and determine the distribution of underground waterconducting channels. In urban environments, traditional methods such as active source seismic exploration and transient electromagnetic exploration commonly used in the field are difficult to carry out ...
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Coal is a combustible black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements; chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal supplies about a quarter of the world's primary energy and twofifths of its electricity.
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Area of Focus. Key Objectives. Coal Analytics. Achieve the coal production target of 1012 MT for FY 202324. Increase coal production and efficiency. Formulate a coking coal strategy to enhance coking coal availability in the country. Improve the quality of coal. Private Investment. Achieve CAPEX target of Rs 21030 Crores for FY 202324.
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The presence of this gas is well known from its occurrence in underground coal mining, ... Extracting unconventional gas is a capital intensive process and at the present levels of gas prices, the companies cannot recover their investments. ... The validity of the Current Affairs for UPSC 2024 is from July 2023 to December 2024 (18 months).
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It is the process of producing syngas, a mixture consisting of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), carbon dioxide (CO2), natural gas (CH4), and water vapour (H2O). During gasification, coal is blown with oxygen and steam while also being heated under high pressure. During the reaction, oxygen and water molecules oxidize the coal and produce ...
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Coal gasification is a process that converts coal and water into a gas known as syngas. This gas is a combination of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and water vapour (H2O). In the past, coal gas, also known as "town gas", was made by gasifying coal and was used for heating and lighting in cities before ...
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Remaining matter in the coal is called volatile material such as moisture, ash content and sulfur content. These are gradually removed by metamorphic process pressure and heat. Bituminous coal has special significance because it contains Bitumen which on heating in absence of oxygen is converted into coking coal.
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Coal and lignite fired thermal power plants account for about 54 per cent of India's installed power generation capacity but currently account for about 70 per cent of power generated in the country. Importance of Coal to India: Coal is the most important and abundant fossil fuel in India. It accounts for 55% of the country's energy needs ...
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The term 'clean coal' is increasingly being used for supercritical coalfired plants without CCS, on the basis that CO 2 emissions are less than for older plants, but are still much greater than for nuclear or renewables. Some 26% of primary energy needs are met by coal and 37% of electricity is generated from coal, compared with 23% for ...
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It is an unconventional form of natural gas found in coal deposits or coal seams. CMB is formed during the process of coalification, the transformation of plant material into coal. ... Methane is a greenhouse gas emitted through CBM extraction. ... revolutionised and simplified the way aspirants prepare for UPSC Civil Services Exam. Today it ...
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The eligibility criteria has been done away with, and no coal mining experience is required to take part in the auction process. Simplified the process of the mining plan approval process from 90 days to 30 days. Other relevant measures include Promoting coal gasification through rebate in revenue share, and; An investment of ₹50,000 crore to ...
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يرغب أحد موردي المواد من بلجيكا في إنتاج مسحوق الحجر الجيري لملابسه...
الهند غنية بالموارد المعدنية المختلفة وهي سوق مهم لمعالجة المعادن
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